Ggsn what is

Thus the GTP tunnel is not established. In this scenario, the PDP response packet was dropped because of a lack of request information, and the GTP tunnel was not established. This can be resolved by installing the request information on the correct SPU. The response packet always sends to the request packet's source address to the SPU. This helps to install the request information to the remote SPU for the next response packet. After the expected SPU number Hash 1. Thus the packet will not be inspected by the GTP module.

As a workaround, you need to enable GTP inspection for the PDP context response message by configuring the custom policy and applications. See the following examples:. The session is created for the request packet on SPU1. In scenario 2, the update request packet is dropped because of a lack of tunnel information. This can be resolved by installing the tunnel information to the correct SPU after the request and response packets are processed. In Figure 4 , after the tunnel is established, the control messages are sent to the control tunnel endpoint.

This helps to calculate the remote SPU number in advance for the subsequent control message. Install the tunnel information into the predictable SPU. The world is witnessing a media revolution similar Managing Security Issues and the Hidden Dang Advances in mobile computing have provided numerou Examining the Evolution of Gaming and Its Im With complex stories and stunning visuals elicitin Educational, Psychological, and Behavioral C Online communities continue to evolve as more peop Network Topology in Command and Control: Org Over the past decade, the Command and Control C Mobile Technologies for Activity-Travel Data As mobile technologies become ever more pervasive When we use our smartphones today for 4G and 5G services, we take the high-speed internet on our phones for granted.

However, when the most widely deployed 2G GSM networks were launched, they were very limited in what they could offer to support the internet on the phone. They employed circuit-switched technologies for voice, SMS and also mobile data. These nodes allow us to access external networks such as the internet through our mobile phones when we are on 2G or 3G networks.

The core network is central to the overall mobile network because it allows the subscribers of a mobile operator to access all the services that they are entitled to. The packets of data with information content e. The SGSN is responsible for mobility management, billing, and the management of data sessions. So, just like the MSC utilises its circuit-switched capabilities to facilitate voice services, SGSN uses its packet-switched capabilities to facilitate data services.

That way, it allows our mobile phones to be able to connect to external networks. GGSN converts that data into a suitable protocol format e. IP before sending it over to the destination external network. On the way back, the process is reversed. So, the data is received from the external network in the format of that network and then converted by GGSN into a protocol format that mobile phones can understand before finally sending it to the mobile phone user.